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Essays on gangs

Essays on gangs

essays on gangs

WebGangs are socially destructive and detrimental to society for several reasons. Very often they will seek to control their group and the surrounding community through fear and WebStreet gangs have evolved into some of the most notorious group associated with murders and killings that law enforcement agencies have encountered. Gang violence has Web4/12/ · However, the concept of a gang extends beyond the involvement in criminal activities to encompass the desire of young people to form a social system, where it does



Why Juveniles Join Gangs Free Essay Example



The issue of gang membership presents a substantial concern in many countries across the globe, essays on gangs. Since the second half of the 20 th century, the problem of gang violence is prevalent in the USA. Indeed, all of the 50 states and the District of Columbia report gang issues consistently. Youth and teenage gang membership is both a public health and a criminal law concern. Membership in a gang is essays on gangs high-risk lifestyle that is associated with various adverse effects. Some of the impacts of gang membership include; juvenile delinquency, irresponsible sexual practices, substance abuse and trafficking, and homicide, which subsequently result in underperformance in academics resultantly causing economic and familial hardships.


Despite the evident growth and expansion of gangs in the USA and the widely acknowledged statistics on their adverse impact, little is known about the extent of juvenile gang membership and the dynamics associated with their expansion. Understanding the underlying factors that influence youths to join gangs beyond empirical evidence is imperative in essays on gangs effective policies and strategies to counter their development. By employing the differential association theory, the article argues that juveniles join gangs as a result of essays on gangs interactions with other youths engaged in delinquent activities, essays on gangs. The Conceptualization of Gangs. The definition of the terms related to gang activities such as gangs, gang membership, and gang crime involves various variables particularly in the criminal law platform where distinctiveness and precision are imperative.


The criteria that a particular region or country adopts in the definition of gangs, particularly juvenile gangs, to no small extent influences the techniques that it essays on gangs in addressing the issue. Entrust your assignment to our professional writers and they will compose a custom paper specially for you. However, the concept of a gang extends beyond the involvement in criminal activities to encompass the desire of young people to form a social system, where it does not exist, with the intention to pursue their needs and exercise privileges that their families, essays on gangs, the administrations or society at large do not offer. In this context, a gang is created out of extreme impoverishes, essays on gangs, isolation and the general lack of opportunities Brownfield, In the pursuit of their desires such as acquiring territories, gangs employee different methods including illegal activities since they lack supervision.


The lack of accountability results in a vicious circle of criminal behavior, which is primarily fueled with their initial intention of achieving a sense of belonging. As such, the applied definition of gangs essays on gangs on the discipline, context, and the objective of the subject. For instance, in criminal law gangs are considered victimizers since the law intends to punish and resultantly deter criminal behavior. However, sociology and psychology adapt an eclectic definition of gangs with the intention of addressing the isolation of gang members from the society.


The concept of gang membership became popular in the mid th century. In the s less than 20 states accounted for gang-related issues in their jurisdictions, essays on gangs. However, two decades later, in the s, all the fifty states and the District of Columbia were concerned with the issue of gang activities Howell, Despite the drop in gang activities in certain periods, the National Youth Gang Survey acknowledges gang membership as consistently increasing in popularity. The initial step in addressing the issue that is juvenile gang involves an accurate estimation of the enormity and nature of teenage gangs' member population.


The link between gang membership and criminal activities in the USA indicates it is a daunting task to ascertain the number of youths involved in gangs and gang-related activities. Certainly, the only national statistics on juvenile gang rely on the representative surveys of law enforcement officers on gang actions in their areas of jurisdiction. However, unlike the figures portrayed by the law enforcement agencies, research commissioned and funded by other agencies indicate that gang activity is highly concentrated among young people. In the current society, as gang membership continues to expand, there are no typical gang members. Indeed, individuals that join gangs are diverse in age, essays on gangs, socioeconomic background, gender, religion, and nationalities.


Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth using a representative sample of more than nine thousand adolescents across the USA demonstrates that more than eight percent of youth between the ages of twelve and seventeen belonged to essays on gangs gang at some point. Another survey with more than six thousand eight-graders respondents revealed more than nine percent of the adolescents belonged to a gang while eighteen percent previously belonged to a gang. Statistics reveal gang membership is particularly prevalent in large cities Howell, Large urban centers have higher numbers of gangs as compared to small towns. T he demographic characteristics of gang members also vary depending on geographical location, race, and gender, essays on gangs. However, researches that focus entirely on juveniles did not record any substantial differences based on ethnicity and race.


The data showcase almost similar numbers for blacks, Latinos, and whites while multicultural groups recorded relatively higher numbers. On the grounds of gender, the society often assumes gang membership is an arena for the male gender. However, recent surveys suggest that the ratio of the male and female gender in gangs is almost similar. Indeed, the recent city research concluded that gangs include eight percent of girls and nine percent of boys hence demonstrating gang membership is no longer the previously male-dominated arena, essays on gangs. Differential Association Theory. The differential association theory is one of the most acknowledged theories in criminology.


The popularity of this essays on gangs is based on its ground-breaking ability to establish a connection between sociological perspectives and criminology. Criminologist Sutherland initially postulated the theory in in his famous book "Principles of Criminology" Matsueda, Sutherland began his extensive study in criminology when he was requested to write a book. Initially, he took a general view in his analysis of the causes of crime. Some of the causes mentioned included; mental illness, age, social status, isolation among others. However, critics insisted that the reasons provided lacked scientific evidence Matsueda, The criticism prompted Sutherland to seek experimental validation which influenced his shift from the multiple factor methodology.


As such, Sutherland concluded that giving a scientific meaning essays on gangs criminology necessitates going beyond providing a list of correlates. He sought essays on gangs a common explanation that will account for circumstances during the criminal activity or lack of circumstances when there is no criminal activity. The interpretation intended to embrace the multiple approaches correlates as facts facilitating the clarification. To arrive at a scientific generalization that acknowledged on the different factors that contribute to criminal behavior, Sutherland applied three distinct methods of theory construction. The first method known essays on gangs logical abstraction involves scientifically abstracting from situations known to cause crime to the application of universal mechanism, essays on gangs.


It focuses on establishing which common process creates the different correlates of crime. The result of the technique would be the development of a theory that acknowledged, individual, group and community differences while integrating them serially. Moreover, he applied the analytic induction which encompasses a case by case analysis and test of clarifications emphasized through an evaluation for adverse situations. It involves the adamant search for sufficient explanation, essays on gangs. Principles of the Differential Association Theory. Sutherland stated the differential association theory as a set of nine suggestions that introduced three different aspects including normative conflict, differential association, and group organization.


Sutherland postulated that normative conflict is the core reason for crime at the societal level. Sutherland described the normative conflict as a society segmented into groups that fundamentally disagree on what constitutes appropriate behavior. At a personal level, the differential association showcases how normative conflicts influence an individual to engage in criminal activities. The differential association asserts criminal behavior is learned through communications and associations in close groups. The process of learning involves both the rationalization of crime and learning the different skills required in committing a crime Matsueda, Moreover, an individual will engage in criminal activity in the event he or she has an objective essays on gangs to commit the crime.


The differential social organization of crime focuses on group rates of crime. The differential social organization maintains the crime rate in a particular community is influenced by how and the extent to which that community is organized against crime. Indeed, the differential social organization is applicable at the individual level since a society that is disorganized in the criminal management activities has numerous and unclear definition of crime which influences individuals to rationalize their actions. The differential association theory postulated nine different propositions including the concept that criminal behavior is learned, the learning occurs when individuals communicated or interact in close relationships or groups and insisted that the principle process of learning criminal behaviors often happens within intimate and close personal groups such as friends passing the time together Brownfield, Moreover, according to the differential essays on gangs theory, the learning process encompasses various aspects including acknowledging the techniques associated with committing a crime and establishing the motives, attitudes, and rationalizations related to committing a crime.


Sutherland also postulated that legal codes often influence the motivations and definitions of crime that the society has adapted for the intention of punishing and deterring criminal activities. He insisted the community may adopt either favorable or unfavorable measures which may result in increased or decreased illegal activities respectively. Indeed, an individual engages in delinquent behavior due to the excesses in definitions of what is a crime and favorable consequences in the event of violation of the law. In this sense, criminal behavior is influenced in the process of association with those who commit the crime which is the fundamental principle of the theory. Apart from the aspect of social and personal interaction, Sutherland insisted that conflicts fuel criminal behavior.


The theory asserts that the risk of an individual engaging in criminal behavior depends on the frequency and consistency of their interactions with patterns of criminal behavior Bishop et al. The theory insists that individual differences between people only cause crime since they affect the differential association or frequency and consistency with contacts with criminal activities, essays on gangs. According to the differential essays on gangs theory, criminal behavior is an expression of the general essays on gangs and values and as such cannot be explained using the same general needs and values. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Theory, essays on gangs. Th e theory is particularly useful in the analysis of peer influences that results in deviant youths and normalization of crime among these individuals Bishop et al.


Moreover, the theory was adopted during a period where the reasons for criminal activities focused on environmental and genetic factors essentially ignoring the effect of interactions. Additionally, subsequent revisions and criticism of the theory have impacted its growth as criminology theory. One of the common criticism of the differential association theory is the fact that it is problematic to empirically test the principles and accurately estimate and measure the aspect of "associations. Critics also mention that the theory ignores the essays on gangs of personality or the function of genetics, biology and psychological attributes in the concept of crime. According essays on gangs Sutherland, individual differences only in the way they affect differential associations Matsueda, However, it is acknowledged in essays on gangs psychology and sociology that a person's combination of genetics and environment often separate him or her from the group.


Another weakness of the theory is the fact that the differential theory merely focuses on how crime spreads in the society but does not provide clarifications of how crime came into existence in the first place. Indeed, some writings indicate that the theory concentrates on systematic criminal behavior that is described as criminal behavior that has become a way of that particular person. Differential Association Theory and Juvenile Gang Membership. Several aspects such as cooperation, loyalty, trust, and collective rationality often explain the growth and facilitation of gang membership, essays on gangs. Grounded on such reasoning, it is necessary and practical to conceptualize young adult gang membership from the perception of a theory with a capability of explaining how gangs include individuals that are open-minded to participating on gangs and upholding the principles such as trust and collective reasoning.


The differential association theory and gang membership typically operate as a learning process where having a person's friend involved in criminal activities results in natural research in the concept of gangs Brownfield, Usually, gangs do not support friendships outside the gang as such, the differential association with members of a gang offers a person gang favorability, essays on gangs. Moreover, close interactions with members of a gang may provide other satisfactions that do not necessarily involve the engagement in criminal activities such as companionship.


Furthermore, there might be a reinforcement of habits that an individual participated in before the interaction with gang members. Indeed, essays on gangs, when teenagers outside the gang differentially associate with individuals in gangs, they are influenced to join. Gang membership is grounded on the concept that trust often develops on avenues of frequency, priorities, and the period of an association, the same idea that is postulated in the differential association theory. The close interaction allows an individual to decide to join a gang since he or she trusts the other members of a gang Bishop et al.




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essays on gangs

WebA youth gang is a self-formed group of people having the same characteristic. The individuals all have the same gang name and symbols, structure and leadership, an area WebGangs are most prominent in larger cities and urban areas, and in prisons and jails. Gangs have been in existence since the American Revolution dating back in late ’s. For WebIt affects the youth causing distractions, peer pressure, and blocking opportunities for them. Gangs are one of the top three causes of crime in America today. And gives America’s

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